February 20, 2010

Andranik Migranyan: The Ukrainian Test for the U.S.-Russia Reset

Andranik Migranyan:
The Ukrainian Test for the U.S.-Russia Reset
:

"The Obama administration has said that it is ready to change America's position with regard to former Soviet and Eastern Europe countries, placing a particular emphasis on the fact that it does not wish its policy towards these countries to preclude better relations with Russia."

Russian-American relations face several serious challenges, the resolution of which will help determine whether the year-old "reset" initiative has any real substance or is merely a shift in tone. The latest challenge: The ongoing presidential election in Ukraine.

The elections have already seen Ukrainian politicians using anti-Russian and anti-American rhetoric to gain support from voters, something that is sure to intensify in the runoff election. This is nothing new, and once again, Ukrainian politics have become a field of competition between the U.S. and Russia.

Security is prominent in the anti-Russian rhetoric of the pro-western Ukrainian politicians. In demonizing Russia they try to portray it as a major threat to Ukraine's sovereignty, territorial integrity and, most of all, security. It's to protect Ukraine's security from Russia, those politicians say, that Ukraine must join NATO and sustain U.S. presence in the region.

The pro-Russian politicians in Ukraine attempt to gain favor from Russia by playing up the fierceness of pro-western political forces in Ukraine and saying that in order to deal with that, they need Russia's political and financial support.

In the past, both Russia and the U.S. have allowed election demagoguery to affect their relations with states in Eastern Europe as well with each other. How leaders in Moscow and Washington react to the rhetoric this time will let us know whether anything has changed in the approaches of the two states to solving problems in the post-Soviet space.

While Moscow and Washington have similar positions on a number of issues such as Iraq, Afghanistan, Iran, and non-proliferation of nuclear weapons, both also have their priorities. For the U.S., they are Afghanistan and Iran. Russia's chief concern remains the post-Soviet space and its relations with Eastern European countries, especially in matters of security.

Russia prefers to share borders with stable political regimes with which it can develop friendly relations. Its strategic goal for the post-Soviet space is for it to be made up of countries that do not have foreign military bases in their territories and that are not part of any military alliances that exclude Russia.

Naturally, the attempts of Ukraine, other Eastern European countries, and the Baltic states, to involve the U.S. in the region only escalate tension with Russia. The Obama administration has said that it is ready to change America's position with regard to former Soviet and Eastern Europe countries, placing a particular emphasis on the fact that it does not wish its policy towards these countries to preclude better relations with Russia.

But U.S. actions tell a different story, demonstrating that its leaders still believe that Russia should subordinate its interests to those of its neighbors Poland, the Baltics, Ukraine and Georgia. The U.S. has maintained quite an active presence in Ukraine, making the country significant in Russian-American relations.

The U.S. and Russia have to radically change their approaches and find a common position on the matter, so that the nascent policy of "resetting," in its Ukrainian dimension, can become a real area of cooperation rather than a reason for renewed tension. In this case, both Moscow and Washington should make it clear to Kiev that they will not allow it to set Washington and Moscow on a collision course by using the superpowers to resolve Ukraine's domestic issues.

Russia and the United States once provided the guarantees of security and territorial integrity of Ukraine by removing nuclear weapons from its territory. Reconfirming these guarantees today could have a significant stabilizing effect on the internal political situation in Ukraine, helping to create an atmosphere of real trust between Washington and Moscow, and between Kiev and Moscow. This would be in full conformity with Ukraine's independence, with Russia's strategic interest in having a stable, peaceful and friendly neighbor that is not part of any military or political blocs that could potentially be anti-Russian in nature, and with the Obama administration's effort at a real "reset" with Moscow.


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February 19, 2010

Gazprom’s South Stream: Romania in, Bulgaria out? | EurActiv

Gazprom’s South Stream: Romania in, Bulgaria out? | EurActiv 
Gazprom’s South Stream: Romania in, Bulgaria out? 
Published: 19 February 2010
Bucharest has given Russian gas monopoly Gazprom all the documentation relevant for building the South Stream pipeline through Romanian territory, it was announced yesterday (18 February). The move appears to give flesh to a recent Russian threat to eliminate Bulgaria from the project.

Background

Bulgaria is key to the planned Gazprom-ENI South Steam gas pipeline project, which would run from the Black Sea's Northern Caucasus shore to the Bulgarian port city of Varna. The South Stream project is seen as a rival to Nabucco and its commissioning term is also nearly identical to the EU-favoured project.
Russia recently signed agreements with Italy, Bulgaria, Greece, Serbia and Slovenia to start building South Stream, and also announced that it would more than double its planned capacity from 31 billion cubic metres per year (bcm/y) to 63 bcm/y (EurActiv 18/05/09 and 25/05/09). Until now, Nabucco and South Stream's capacities were considered identical (30 bcm/y), making South Stream potentially more interesting.
South Stream will avoid Ukraine by running under the Black Sea to Bulgaria, with one branch going to Greece and Italy, and another one to Romania, Serbia, Hungary, Slovenia and Austria, ending at the Baumgarten gas storage facility. In January 2008, Austrian energy company OMV and Gazprom signed a deal to turn the Baumgarten trading platform into a 50%-50% joint venture.
Plans to eliminate Bulgaria from South Stream were first reported by the Russian press last October (EurActiv 20/10/09).

More on this topic

"The Romanian party confirmed the interest in participating in the South Stream project and provided the Russian party with the data requested earlier and required to prepare a feasibility study for a possible pipeline route across Romania," a Gazprom press release announced.
Few details have emerged and it remains unclear if the pipeline would now simply feature an extension from Bulgaria to Romania, or if plans to move the pipe north exclude Bulgaria. In recent weeks, Romania has been under strong pressure from Gazprom to join the pipeline project, as a possible alternative to Bulgaria. Sofia is indeed seen by Moscow as a problematic partner under the new centre-right government of Prime Minister Boyko Borissov (EurActiv 14/07/09).
"As far as Romania is concerned, I would like to say that no country with serious intentions as to its participation in South Stream will be left aside," Gazprom's executive director for exports, Alexander Medvedev, recently told the Romanian press.
"Romania has a wonderful strategic location on the Black Sea and could be the point of departure for the European section of the pipeline," he added. Until now, planned the point of departure had been the Bulgarian port of Varna (see 'Background').
Asked by EurActiv if the latest move to bring Romania into the project meant that Bulgaria would be sidelined, a Gazprom spokesperson declined to comment.
Delaying tactics?
Over the last few days, the Russian press has been fuming about Bulgaria's pipeline strategies. In particular, Russia took very badly the Bulgarian parliament's ratification on 3 February of an agreement to build Nabucco, seen by Moscow as a rival pipeline designed to decrease the dependence of several EU countries on Russian gas. Bulgaria became the second country after Hungary to ratify the Nabucco agreement.
"Bulgaria will try to delay as much as possible negotiations with Russia on South Stream, while following up the developments regarding Nabucco," Alexey Makarkin, director-general of the Centre for Political Technologies (CPT), told the Russian press.
"If everything with Nabucco were fine, then Bulgaria would just forget about the Russian pipeline, but if Nabucco gets stuck, for example, if its stakeholders cannot find financing, Bulgaria will come back to South Stream," Makarkin continued.
The expert did not rule out the possibility that the Russian authorities, tired of Bulgaria's procrastination, could modify the pipeline route, leaving Sofia empty-handed.
Bulgaria is also demanding that Overgaz, a private company with 50% Gazprom participation, must no longer be the intermediary for buying Russian gas.
Another reason why Moscow is looking for alternatives is Sofia's insistence that Gazprom pays higher taxes for transit across Bulgaria, reports Dnevnik, EurActiv's partner publication in Bulgaria. This was a factor in Moscow's decision to consider building the Black Sea terminal in Romania instead of Bulgaria, Russian daily Vesti writes.

Next Steps

  • 22-23 Feb.: Bulgarian President Georgi Parvanov to visit Brussels. On Tuesday he will meet European Commission President José Manuel Barroso and Council President Herman Van Rompuy.

February 17, 2010

В Чехии решением суда запрещена политическая партия

В Чехии решением суда запрещена политическая партия 


В Чехии решением суда запрещена политическая партия


В Чехии высший административный суд запретил Рабочую партию. Это первый случай в современной демократической истории Чехии, когда партия запрещается по политическим причинам, сообщает корреспондент Радио Свобода Александра Вагнер.

Рабочая партия, возникшая в 2003 году, признана экстремистской. Высший административный суд Чехии в своем вердикте пришел к выводу, что в тексте партийной программы содержатся утверждения, которые можно расценивать как ксенофобию, шовинизм и расизм. Идеи и символика партии, по оценке суда, связаны с национал-социализмом.
Запретить Рабочую партию предложило правительство Чехии. Из-за недостатка доказательств в прошлом году суд отклонил его жалобу. На этот раз были предоставлены материалы министерства внутренних дел. По словам министра внутренних дел Чехии Мартина Пецины, роспуск Рабочей партии важен для всего общества:
"Суд подтвердил, что и правосудие не намерено терпимо относится к движениям, группировкам и партиям, которые представляют угрозу нашей демократии. Такого же мнения придерживаются правительство, министерство внутренних дел и полиция Чешской Республики".
Судебное заседание сопровождалось демонстрацией 30 активистов запрещенной партии, которые размахивали черно-красными флагами. Полиция оттеснила демонстрантов от здания суда в прилег;ающие улицы.
Представители Рабочей партии могут оспорить решение о своем роспуске в конституционном суде.

Rezultatele alegerilor din Ucraina au fost suspendate

Rezultatele alegerilor din Ucraina au fost suspendate | UNIMEDIA - portalul de ştiri nr. 1 din Moldova
Rezultatele alegerilor din Ucraina au fost suspendate
Foto: perles.effisk.net


Curtea Administrativă a Ucrainei a anunţat astăzi, 17 februarie, într-o declaraţie de presă că a suspendat decizia de validare a scrutinului a Comisiei Electorale Centrale prin care prorusul Viktor Ianukovici devenea oficial preşedinte al ţării, transmite realitatea.net cu refeire la Associated Press.


Potrivit rezultatelor turului secund al alegerilor desfăşurat pe 7 ianuarie, Ianukovici a câştigat cu un avans de 3,5%.

Instanţa trebuie să decidă asupra constaţiei ridicate de rivala lui Ianukovici, Iulia Timoşenko, până joia viitoare. Aceasta este data stabilită de Parlament pentru inaugurarea noului preşedinte.

Învinsă în alegeri, Iulia Timoşenko nu se dă bătută şi încearcă să demonstreze în instanţă acuzele de fraudă pe care le-a adus atât în timpul campaniei cât şi după taberei adverse.

Sursa: realitatea